Device for contactless interaction with an electric and/or computer apparatus, and apparatus equipped with such a device

ABSTRACT

A device is provided for interacting without contact, via at least one command object, with a user appliance, including at least one first and one second part which, in use, form between them a non-zero angle, the device including:
         at least one first mechanism of detection by capacitive technology, and without contact, of the at least one command object with respect to a first control surface defined with respect to the first part of the user appliance, the first detection mechanism including several measurement electrodes; at least one, of the measurement electrodes being guarded, by a guard mechanism, at a guard potential, different from a ground potential, of the at least one command object, and substantially identical to the potential of the measurement electrode; and   at least one second guard mechanism, for guarding the second part of the user appliance at least partially at the guard potential.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a device for interacting, withoutcontact, with an electronic and/or computerized appliance comprising atleast two parts forming between them a non-zero angle. It also relatesto an electronic/computerized appliance equipped with such a device.

The field of the invention is more particularly, but non-limitatively,that of contactless human-machine interfaces implementing a capacitivedetection technology.

STATE OF THE ART

Increasing numbers of portable appliances such as portable computers areequipped with a touch screen and provide human-machine interface (HMI)functions close to those of the portable appliances such as smart phonesand touch-screen tablets. These appliances use as their interface touchpads that are transparent on the screens and opaque with respect to thekeypads.

Most of these pads use capacitive technology. This technology, which isvery widespread today, makes it possible to detect one or more objects(fingers, stylus, etc) in contact on the touch surface.

The patent FR 2 893 711 filed by the applicant is known, which describesa capacitive solution making it possible to detect the two-dimensionalposition of a finger over a control surface at a distance of several cmand of a hand at more than 10 cm.

The patent application filed by the applicant, published under number FR2 971 066 A1 is also known, which describes an interface making itpossible to determine, in addition to the two-dimensional position of anobject in the plane formed by a control surface, a vertical distancebetween the control surface and the object and to initiate specificfunctions depending on the value of this vertical distance, such as anavigation in depth.

The range of detection and the operation of all these detectioninterfaces nevertheless depend on the electrostatic environment of thepad. The proximity detection range is for example degraded when theappliance is not flat and comprises, in addition to a first partequipped with the detection interface, a second part forming a non-zeroangle with the first part. This second part creates interference in theelectrostatic field generated by the electrodes of the detectioninterface, and degrades the performance and operation of the detectioninterface, in particular at the intersection of the second part with thefirst part.

The solutions of the state of the art are therefore not suitable forappliances comprising at least two parts forming between them a non-zeroangle.

A purpose of the present invention is to propose a device forinteracting without contact with an appliance comprising at least twoparts forming between them a non-zero angle.

Another purpose of the present invention is to propose a device forinteracting without contact with an appliance comprising at least twoparts forming between them a non-zero angle and proposing athree-dimensional contactless interaction at a greater distance comparedwith the existing solutions.

Finally another purpose of the present invention is to propose a devicefor interacting without contact with an appliance comprising at leasttwo parts forming between them a non-zero angle allowing athree-dimensional contactless interaction that is more precise than theexisting solutions.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

At least one of these objectives is achieved by a device for interactingwithout contact, via at least one command object, with an electronicand/or computerized appliance, named a user appliance, comprising atleast one first and one second part which, in use, form between them anon-zero angle, said device comprising:

-   -   at least one first means for detection by capacitive technology,        and without contact, of said at least one command object with        respect to a first control surface defined with respect to said        first part of said user appliance, said first detection means        comprising several capacitive electrodes, named measurement        electrodes; at least one, preferably each, of said measurement        electrodes being guarded, by a first means, named guard means,        at an alternating potential, named guard potential, different        from a potential, named ground potential, of said at least one        command object, and substantially identical to the potential of        said measurement electrode.    -   at least one second means, named guard means, for maintaining        said second part of said user appliance at least partially at        said guard potential.

The device according to the invention implements a guard, at a guardpotential, of the measurement electrodes of the first detection means,which makes it possible on the one hand to eliminate the parasiticcoupling capacitances which distort the capacitive measurement used forthe detection of the command object, and on the other hand to avoidcarrying out detection in all directions around the capacitiveelectrode, and therefore to control the direction(s) in which thedetection of the command object is carried out. For example, the fact ofguarding a capacitive electrode by a guard electrode placed on the rearface and/or lateral faces of the electrode makes it possible to avoid orto limit the detection of a command object at the rear and/or on thesides of the control surface.

In addition, provision is made in the device according to the inventionto set the second part of the user appliance at a guard potential,identical or substantially identical to the guard potential of themeasurement electrodes. Thus, the device according to the inventionmakes it possible to avoid the second part of the user appliance causinginterference in the electrostatic field created by the measurementelectrodes of the first detection means, and degrading the detection andthe detection range of the measurement electrodes of the first detectionmeans. Thus, the detection produced by the first detection means is notdegraded.

As a result, the device according to the invention makes it possible tocarry out a contactless interaction that is more precise and has agreater range with an appliance comprising at least two parts formingbetween them a non-zero angle, and more generally a contactlessinteraction that is more suitable for such an appliance compared to theexisting solutions.

In the present application by “detection or item of detection data” ismeant detection of one or of any combination of the following parametersrelating to the at least one command object: one or more positions intwo or three dimensions, a speed, acceleration, shape, dimension, etc.

Advantageously, the device according to the invention can comprise:

-   -   at least one second means of detection of said at least one        command object with respect to a second control surface forming        a non-zero angle with respect to said first control surface and        defined with respect to the second part of said user appliance;        and    -   at least one calculation means for determining, as a function of        the detections carried out by the first and second detection        means, and optionally of an angle formed by the first and second        control surfaces, an item of detection data, for example        relating to a position/speed/acceleration/shape/dimension, of        said at least one command object.

Thus, the device according to the invention makes it possible to form acontactless control volume between the first and second parts of theappliance, and in particular between the first and second controlsurfaces. The command object inserted into this interaction volume isdetected with reference to each control surface, and an item of datarelating to the position/speed/acceleration/shape/dimension of thecommand object in the control volume is obtained, by the calculationmeans, by intersection of the detection data of the command object withrespect to each of the control surfaces, and optionally as a function ofthe angle between the two control surfaces.

Moreover, detection produced with respect to two control surfaces whichare not parallel to each other makes it possible to detect a secondcommand object which may be hidden by a first command object withrespect to one of the control surfaces. In fact, if a second commandobject is not seen by one of the control surfaces because it is behind afirst command object, then this second object is necessarily seen by theother control surface. For example a hand of a user can be hidden behindhis other hand, the device according to the invention allowing thedetection of both of the user's hands.

According to a preferred embodiment of the device according to theinvention, the second detection means can comprise several capacitiveelectrodes, named measurement electrodes; at least one, preferably each,of said measurement electrodes being maintained at the guard potentialby the second guard means.

The advantages described above with reference with the first capacitivedetection means are applicable mutatis mutandis to the second detectionmeans.

The guard potential used for the second detection means can be the sameor substantially the same as the guard potential used for the firstdetection means.

The principle used in the present application for guarding a guardpotential, a measurement electrode or more generally a part of anappliance, can preferentially be that described in patent FR 2 893 711filed by the applicant, to which a person skilled in the art may referfor further details.

Alternatively or in addition, the second detection means can comprise atleast one or any combination of the following means:

-   -   an array of optical pixels,    -   an array of infrared diodes,    -   an array of optical light sensors,    -   at least one optical emitter associated with at least one        optical receiver,    -   at least one ultrasound emitter associated with at least one        ultrasound receiver operating by triangulation or trilateration,        and    -   at least one time-of-flight camera.

The first detection means can also comprise one or any combination ofthese aforementioned means, as well as the capacitive technology.

Advantageously, each of the first and second detection means canmoreover be arranged in order to carry out detection of at least one, inparticular several, command object(s) by contact of the at least onecommand object with the control surface associated with each detectionmeans.

In the case in which at least one of the parts of the user appliance canbe repositioned by rotation with respect to the other part such that atleast one of the control surfaces can be repositioned with respect tothe other control surface, the device according to the invention canalso comprise a means of measuring the angle formed by said controlsurfaces, i.e. between the two parts of the user appliance.

For example, the angle formed by the control surfaces, i.e. by the partsof the user appliance, can be variable and changed by the user, inparticular depending on the applications or conditions of use of theuser appliance.

According to a non-limitative embodiment, the first detection means cancomprise one or more measurement electrodes oriented or facing towardsthe second part of the appliance and used for measuring the anglebetween the first and the second part of the appliance. Thesemeasurement electrodes can be arranged at, or close to, the intersectionof the planes formed by the first part and the second part of theappliance.

Advantageously, the first or second detection means respectively can bearranged in order to detect/measure:

-   -   a two-dimensional position of the command object (116) in the        first control surface (118;122), or the second control surface        (122;118) respectively, and/or    -   a distance, named vertical distance, between the command object        (116) and the first control surface (118;122) or the second        control surface (122;118) respectively.

Such detection of vertical distance with respect to at least one of thecontrol surfaces, preferentially with respect to each of the controlsurfaces, makes it possible to have redundant detection data and thus tocorrect/verify the detection of the command object carried out by atleast one of the detection means. Such an item of vertical distance datais particularly useful when the command object is at a distance from oneof the control surfaces or from both control surfaces.

The first or second detection means respectively can be arranged inorder to carry out detection of the two-dimensional position by contact,or preferentially without contact, of the object with the first orsecond control surface respectively.

The first detection means, or second detection means, respectively canadvantageously be incorporated in/on the first control surface or in/onthe second control surface, respectively. The first surface or thesecond surface respectively can be a surface or a face of the first partof the user appliance or of the second part of the user appliance,respectively. In this configuration, the device according to theinvention has a more compact architecture and is incorporated at leastpartially into the user appliance.

According to a non-limitative and particularly preferred version of thedevice according to the invention:

-   -   the first detection means comprises a first array of capacitive        electrodes arranged in/on/behind the first control surface,        preferentially formed at least partially by a panel/surface/face        of the first part of    -   the user appliance arranged on the side of the second part of        said the user appliance, and    -   the second detection means comprises a second array of        capacitive electrodes arranged in/on/behind the second control        surface, preferentially formed at least partially by a        panel/surface/face of the second part of the user appliance        arranged on the side of the first part of said the user        appliance;        at least one, preferably each, of the electrodes of each array        of electrodes being guarded at an alternating potential, named        guard potential, different from a potential, named ground        potential, of the command object, and substantially identical to        the potential of said electrode.

According to an advantageous version, the first control surface and/orthe second control surface can be a touch surface.

According to another aspect of the invention an electronic and/orcomputerized appliance is proposed comprising at least one first and onesecond part which, in use, form between them a non-zero angle, equippedwith a device according to the invention.

The angle between the first and second parts of the user appliance canbe comprised between 1 and 179°, more particularly comprised between 70°and 130°.

Such an appliance can be a portable computer, a smart phone, a gamesconsole, a tablet equipped with a keyboard, whether a touch pad or not,or more generally any electronic/computerized appliance comprising twoparts, whether or not mutually mobile, which in use form between them anon-zero angle.

Each part may or may not contain an input means, whether touch inputmeans or not, and/or a display screen, whether a touch screen or not.

More particularly, at least one of the first and second parts of theuser appliance can comprise a display screen, which may be a touchscreen or not, the first or second detection means respectively can beincorporated in/on/around/on the periphery/behind

said display screen such that the first control surface or the secondcontrol surface respectively is formed by at least a part of saiddisplay screen and/or by a plane parallel to said display screen.

Such a display screen can for example be a folding and unfolding displayscreen of a portable personal computer, a telephone, a smart phone, aPDA or an electronic games console such as the Nintendo® DS™, the userappliance then being one of these appliances.

Moreover, at least one of the first and second parts of the userappliance can comprise a surface, named an input surface, containing atleast one data input means, such as a keyboard; the first or seconddetection means respectively can be incorporated in/on/around/on theperiphery of/behind said input surface such that the first controlsurface or the second control surface respectively is formed by at leasta part of said input surface and/or by a plane parallel to said inputsurface.

Such an input surface can be for example a folding and unfoldingkeyboard of a portable personal computer, telephone, smart phone, PDA,or electronic games console.

Such an input surface can comprise in addition or alternatively a touchscreen for inputting.

Such an input surface can be formed by a keyboard only, which forms oneof the parts of the user appliance, and is detached manually from theother part of the appliance.

In the case where a control surface is formed, at least partiallyin/on/around/on the periphery of/behind an input surface, while thecontrol surface can be formed by only a part of the input surface, saidinput surface also being capable of containing at least one zoneprovided for resting thereon at least one hand of a user duringinputting, or an object used during inputting, said zone being connectedto ground potential.

Thus, the appliance according to the invention makes it possible toavoid the user's hands, or an input object held by a user wishing tocarry out an input on the input means, being detected by the detectionmeans incorporated in/on/around/on the periphery of/behind the inputsurface, and thus distorting the detection of the command object. Theappliance makes it possible to avoid the hands or the input object beingdetected as a command object when the user merely wishes to carry out aninput on the input means.

Advantageously, this zone can be located on a part of the input surfacefurthest away from the other part of the appliance, which can be forexample a display screen such as described above.

More particularly, the zone maintained at ground potential can belocated on a part of the input surface furthest from an axis ofintersection of the planes formed by the two parts of the userappliance. Such an axis can also be an axis of rotation of at least oneof the parts of the command appliance.

The zone maintained at ground potential can be located on a part of theinput surface proximal to the user when he uses the appliance.

According to a non-limitative embodiment, the appliance according to theinvention can comprise a display screen, whether a touch-screen or not,and a surface, named an input surface, comprising an input means, suchas a keyboard. In this case:

-   -   the first detection means can be arranged on/in the display        screen, the first control surface being constituted by at least        a part of the display screen, and    -   the second detection means can comprise an array of capacitive        electrodes arranged on/in the input surface, the second control        surface being constituted by only a part of said input surface.

Advantageously, the display screen can in particular be mobile inrotation about an axis parallel to the input surface

The screen can be fixed to the input surface or not. In other words, thescreen may or may not be physically attached to the input surface, inparticular to the input means, for example to the keyboard.

The input means, for example a keyboard, can be detachably fixed to thescreen.

The screen can for example be constituted by a touch tablet and thekeyboard by a mobile keyboard.

The input surface can be constituted by the input means only, i.e. thekeyboard can constitute the input surface which comprises the keyboardalone.

More generally, and regardless of the configuration of the first andsecond parts of the appliance according to the invention, the first partand the second part can be detachable with respect to each other in sucha way that they can be attached and detached manually at will, forexample by the user, without using any tool.

In addition, the first part and the second part can comprise wired orwireless means for the exchange of signals, in particular forsynchronization with respect to the alternating guard potential, or forcommunicating signals measured by the first and second measurementmeans.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES AND EMBODIMENTS

Other advantages and characteristics will become apparent on examinationof the detailed description of examples which are in no way limitative,and from the attached drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic side view of a first example of an applianceaccording to the invention implementing a device according to theinvention;

FIG. 2 is an isometric diagram of the appliance in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic side view of a second example of an applianceaccording to the invention implementing a device according to theinvention;

FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic side view of a third example of an applianceaccording to the invention implementing a device according to theinvention;

FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic side view of a fourth example of an applianceaccording to the invention implementing a device according to theinvention; and

FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic side view of a fifth example of an applianceaccording to the invention implementing a device according to theinvention.

It is well understood that the embodiments that will be describedhereinafter are in no way limitative. In particular, variants of theinvention can be envisaged comprising only a selection ofcharacteristics described hereinafter, in isolation from the otherdescribed characteristics, if this selection of characteristics issufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate theinvention with respect to the state of the prior art. This selectioncomprises at least one, preferably functional, characteristic withoutstructural details, or with only a part of the structural details ifthis part alone is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or todifferentiate the invention with respect to the state of the prior art.

In particular all the variants and all the embodiments described can becombined together if there is no objection to this combination from atechnical point of view.

In the figures, the elements common to several figures retain the samereference.

Different examples of an electronic/computerized appliance according tothe invention implementing different embodiments of a device accordingto the invention will now be described. The appliance according to theinvention described hereinafter can be a computer, a telephone or smartphone, a games console, a PDA, a touch tablet, etc., comprising twoparts which in use form between them a non-zero angle.

FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic side view of an example of an applianceaccording to the invention implementing a device according to theinvention.

The appliance 100 shown in FIG. 1 comprises a first part 102 and asecond part 104, mutually mobile about an axis of

rotation 106. The two parts 102 and 104 of the appliance can be foldedor unfolded about the axis 106 in order to form between them a non-zeroangle represented by the double arrow 108.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, the appliance 100 comprises a device 110allowing to a user to interact, with and without contact, with theappliance 100. This device forms an, or the, human-machine interface ofthe appliance 100 and utilizes capacitive sensors only.

The device 110 comprises a first array 112 of n capacitive sensorsarranged in the first part 102 of the appliance 100 and a second array114 of m capacitive sensors arranged in the second part 104 of theappliance 100.

The first array 112 of capacitive sensors makes it possible to determinethe position/speed/acceleration/shape/dimension of at least one commandobject 116 with respect to a control surface 118 produced by at least apart of the inner face of the first part 102 of the appliance 100, i.e.the face which is on the side of the second part 104 of the appliance100. The capacitive sensors of this array 112 are linked to acalculation module 120, which depending on the measurement signalsreceived from the sensors, determines theposition/speed/acceleration/shape/dimension of the command object 116with respect to the control surface 118, this command object being incontact with the control surface 118 or not.

The second array 114 of capacitive sensors makes it possible todetermine the position/speed/acceleration/shape/dimension of at leastone command object 116 with respect to a control surface 122 produced byonly a part of the inner face of the second part 104 of the appliance100, i.e. the face which is on the side of the first part 102 of theappliance 100. The capacitive sensors of this array 114 are linked to acalculation module 124, which depending on the measurement signalsreceived from the sensors, determines theposition/speed/acceleration/shape/dimension of the command object 116with respect to the control surface 122, this command object being incontact with the control surface 122 or not.

The position/speed/acceleration/shape/dimension of the command object116 determined by each array 112 and 114 of capacitive sensorscorrespond to a position/speed/acceleration/shape/dimension with respectto the control surface, respectively 118 and 122, associated with

each array, whether or not the command object is in contact with each ofthe control surfaces 118 and 122. The detection of the command object116 carried out by each array 112 and 114 can also comprise for at leastone, advantageously each, control assembly, a height of the commandobject 116 in a vertical direction with respect to the control surface,respectively 118 and 122, associated with the array of sensors.

The device 110 also comprises a detection module 126, linked to each ofthe calculation modules 120 and 124 of each array of sensors 112 and114. This detection module 126 determines, depending on the detectiondata determined by each of the calculation modules 120 and 124 withrespect to each of the detection surfaces 118 and 122, an item ofthree-dimensional detection data of the command object 116. In theexample shown in the figure, the detection module 126 is arranged in thesecond part 104 of the appliance 100. Alternatively, this module 126 canbe arranged in the first part 102 of the appliance 100.

Thus, the interaction device 110 makes it possible to create a volume128 for contactless control (or interaction with) the appliance 100,this contactless control volume being formed and determined by thecontrol surfaces 118 and 122, and more particularly by the detectionmeans 112 and 114.

Each of the arrays 112 and 114 of capacitive sensors comprises aplurality of electrodes, named measurement electrodes, and one or moreassociated measurement electronics (not shown). Each measurementelectrode of each array 112 and 114, and the measurement electronicsassociated therewith, are guarded by a guard means, 130 and 132respectively, maintained at a potential V_(G), named guard potential,substantially equal to the supply potential of the measurementelectrodes, and which can comprise:

-   -   at least one other electrode, which can be:        -   one or more guard electrodes dedicated to this guard            function as described in the document, or        -   one or more measurement electrodes adjacent to the            measurement electrode; or    -   any other conductive surface, in particular arranged behind or        on the side of one or more measurement electrodes and at least a        part of the associated measurement electronics;        according to the principle described in the document FR 2 971        066 A1.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, the first part 102 of the appliance 100comprises a display screen 134 arranged on the side of the inner face ofthe part 102. The surface of this display screen 134 produces at leastpartially, in particular totally, the first control surface 118, whichextends substantially over the entire surface of the display screen 134.

Still in the example shown in FIG. 1, the second part 104 of theappliance 100 comprises a keyboard 136 arranged on the side of the innerface of the part 104. The second control surface 122 is arranged under,or is partially formed by, this keyboard 134. More particularly, thesecond control surface extends substantially over the entire depth ofthe inner face of the part 104 from the junction between the parts 102and 104 to the end of the keyboard 134 proximal to the user when thelatter uses the appliance 100. In addition, the second control surface122 extends substantially over the entire width of the second part 104of the appliance. Moreover, the second part 104 contains a zone 138which is maintained at ground potential, substantially equal to thepotential of the command object 116, so that, when the user places hishands or the command object 116 over this zone, for example in order tocarry out an input on the keyboard 134, his hands or the command object116 are (is) not detected so as not to disturb the interaction with theappliance 100.

Alternatively, the first part 102 may not comprise a display screen butan input means. As an alternative, the first part 102 may compriseneither a display means nor an input means.

Alternatively, the second part 104 may not comprise an input means but adisplay means, in which case the appliance 100 comprises two displayscreens such as for example in the case of a games console with twoscreens, for example the Nintendo® DS™.

As an alternative, the second part 104 may comprise neither a displaymeans nor an input means.

A person skilled in the art can combine any one of the alternativesdescribed for the second part with any one of the alternatives describedfor the first part.

Moreover, the first part and the second part can be detachable orremovable with respect to each other so that the user can attach ordetach them at will, or even use the appliance 100 by placing the firstpart and the second part at a distance from each other. In this case,the communication between at least one of the measurement modules 120and 124 and the detection module 126 can be carried out wirelessly. Inaddition, the coupling between the two parts 102 and 104 forsynchronizing the supply voltages of the capacitive sensors and/or forsynchronizing the supply voltage used for the guard means 130 and 132can also be carried out wirelessly.

FIG. 2 is an isometric diagrammatic view of the appliance 100 in FIG. 1.

The first array 112 of sensors associated with the first part 102 of theappliance 100 can be arranged under/on/in the entire surface of thescreen 134 on the side of the inner face of the part 102 of theappliance.

Alternatively, the first array 112 of sensors can comprise a series ofsensors arranged at at least one of the edges 202-208 of the first part102 of the appliance 100, on the side of the inner face of the firstpart. Thus, the first array 112 can comprise one, two, three or evenfour series of sensors arranged, respectively at one, two, three or evenfour edges 202-208 of the first part 102. When the first array 112comprises two series of sensors, these two series of sensors can bearranged at two adjacent or opposite edges of the first part. Eachseries of sensors can, in particular, be arranged on the periphery ofthe display screen 134.

The second array 114 of sensors associated with the second part 104 ofthe appliance 100 can be arranged under/on/in the entire input surface,between the earthed (grounded) zone 138 and the intersection of thesecond part 104 and the first part 102.

Alternatively, the second array 112 of sensors can comprise a series ofsensors arranged on at least one of the edges 210-216 of the input means136, on the side of the inner face of the second part 104. Thus, thesecond array 112 can comprise one, two, three or even four series ofsensors arranged respectively at one, two, three or even four edges210-216 of the input means 136. When the second array 112 comprises twoseries of sensors, these two series of sensors can be arranged at twoadjacent or opposite edges of the input means. Each series of sensorscan be arranged on the periphery of the input means 136.

The sensors of each array 112 or 114 can comprise electrodes carryingout autonomous detection, in “self detection” mode, or detection incollaboration with another electrode, in “mutual detection” mode.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second example of an applianceaccording to the invention.

The appliance 300 shown in FIG. 3 corresponds to the appliance 100 inFIG. 1, without the detection means associated with the second part.Thus, the appliance 300 comprises detection device 302 which comprisesall the elements of the device 110 of the appliance 100 shown in FIG. 1,associated with the first part 102 of the appliance 100.

In other words, the detection device 302 of the appliance 300 comprisesthe first array of sensors 112 associated with the first part 102 of theappliance 300, linked to the first detection module 120, and guarded bythe first guard means 130 set at the alternating guard potential V_(G).

The second part 104 comprises only the second guard means, also set atthe guard potential, and extending over the entire surface of the secondpart 104 of the appliance 300.

The first array of sensors 112 can be present and arranged at the levelof the first part of the appliance 300, in the same way as described,with reference to FIG. 2, for the appliance 100 and the device 110.

The device 302 of the appliance 300 in FIG. 3 does not comprise thecalculation module 126 either.

In this embodiment, no detection of the command object is produced withrespect to a second control surface defined with respect to the secondpart 104 of the appliance 300. The command object is only detected bythe first detection means 112 with respect to the first detectionsurface 118 defined with respect to the first part 102 of the appliance300.

The fact that the second part 104, in particular the face of the secondpart 104 situated on the side of the first part 102, is guarded atground potential by the second guard means 132 makes it possible toavoid the interference created by this second part 104 in the detectionproduced by the first detection means 112.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a third example of an applianceaccording to the invention.

The appliance 400 shown in FIG. 4 corresponds to the appliance 100 inFIG. 1, without the detection means associated with the first part.Thus, the appliance 400 comprises a detection device 402 which comprisesall the elements of the device 110 of the appliance 100 shown in FIG. 1,associated with the second part 102 of the appliance 100.

In other words, the detection device 402 of the appliance 400 comprisesthe second array of sensors 114 associated with the second part 104 ofthe appliance 400, linked to the second detection module 124, andguarded by the second guard means 132 set at the alternating guardpotential V_(G). The appliance 400 also comprises the earthed (grounded)zone 138.

The first part 102 comprises only the first guard means 130, also set atthe guard potential, and extending over the entire surface of the firstpart 102 of the appliance 400.

The device 402 of the appliance 400 in FIG. 3 does not comprise thecalculation module 126 either.

The second array of sensors 114 can be present and arranged at the levelof the first part of the appliance 400, in the same manner as described,with reference to FIG. 2, for the appliance 100 and the device 110.

In this embodiment, no detection of the command object is produced withrespect to a first control surface defined with respect to the firstpart 102 of the appliance 300. The command object is only detected bythe second detection means 114 with respect to the second detectionsurface 122 defined with respect to the second part 104 of the appliance400.

The fact that the first part 102, in particular the face of the firstpart 102 situated on the side of the second part 104 is set at groundpotential by the first guard means 130 makes it possible to avoid theinterference created by this first part 102 in the detection produced bythe second detection means 124.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fourth example of an applianceaccording to the invention.

The appliance 500 shown in FIG. 4 corresponds to the appliance 100 inFIG. 1, with the difference that the second detection means comprisesone or more non-capacitive detection sensors 504 and 506 and not thearray of capacitive sensors 114.

Thus, the appliance 500 comprises a detection device 502 which comprisesall the elements of the device 110 of the appliance 100 shown in FIG. 1,and associated with the first part 102 of the appliance 100. In otherwords, the detection device 502 of the appliance 500 comprises the firstarray of sensors 112 associated with the first part 102 of the appliance300, linked to the first detection module 120, and guarded by the firstguard means 130 set at the alternating guard potential V_(G).

The second part 104 comprises the second guard means 132, also set atthe guard potential, and extending over the entire surface of the secondpart 104 of the appliance 300.

The second part 104 of the appliance 500 also comprises non-capacitivesensors 504 and 506 cooperating with a second detection module 508. Thesecond detection module 508 and the first detection module 120 arelinked to a calculation means 510, similar to the calculation module 126of the device 110 described with reference to FIG. 1.

The non-capacitive sensors 504 and 506 can be at least one of thefollowing means:

-   -   an array of optical pixels,    -   an array of infrared diodes,    -   an array of optical light sensors,    -   at least one optical emitter associated with at least one        optical receiver,    -   at least one ultrasound emitter associated with at least one        ultrasound receiver operating by triangulation or trilateration,    -   at least two cameras arranged in order to carry out a        measurement by stereoscopy, and    -   at least one time-of-flight camera.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a fifth example of an applianceaccording to the invention.

The appliance 600 shown in FIG. 6 corresponds to the appliance 100 inFIG. 1, with the difference that the first detection means comprises oneor more non-capacitive detection sensors 604 and 606 and not the arrayof capacitive sensors 112.

In other words, the detection device 602 of the appliance 600 comprisesthe second array of sensors 114 associated with the second part 104 ofthe appliance 600, linked to the second detection module 124, andguarded by the second guard means 132 set at the alternating guardpotential V_(G). The appliance 600 also comprises the earthed (grounded)zone 138.

The first part 102 comprises the first guard means 130, also arranged atthe guard potential, and extending over the entire surface of the firstpart 102 of the appliance 600.

The first part 102 of the appliance 600 also comprises non-capacitivesensors 604 and 606 cooperating with a first detection module 608. Thefirst detection module 608 and the second detection module 124 arelinked to a calculation means 610, similar to the calculation module 126of the device 110 described with reference to FIG. 1.

The non-capacitive sensors 604 and 606 can be at least one of thefollowing means:

-   -   an array of optical pixels,    -   an array of infrared diodes,    -   an array of optical light sensors,    -   at least one optical emitter associated with at least one        optical receiver,    -   at least one ultrasound emitter associated with at least one        ultrasound receiver operating by triangulation or trilateration,    -   at least two cameras arranged in order to carry out a        measurement by stereoscopy, and    -   at least one time-of-flight camera.

In all the examples described, each of the first and second detectionmeans is arranged in order to carry out detection of at least one, inparticular several, command object(s) by contact of the at least onecommand object with the control surface associated with each detectionmeans.

In all the examples described, the first part 102 and the second partare shown connected to each other. Of course, it is possible for thefirst part 102 and the second part 104 to be disconnected. In this casethe signals exchanged between these two parts 102 and 104, namely thedetection data and the synchronization signals in particular for thealternating guard potential V_(G), are exchanged wirelessly between thetwo parts 102 and 104, these parts also comprising means of wirelessexchange of data/signals, for example by Bluetooth or WIFI.

In addition, the first part 102 and the second part 104 described in thefigures can be reversed.

In addition, in the examples described, each part 102 and 104 of theappliance is rectangular. Of course each part 102, 104 can have anothershape, for example a shape that is circular, oval, etc.

Moreover, it is possible to use a single detection and calculationmodule replacing the detection and calculation modules and managing theassembly of control surfaces.

Moreover, in all the examples described, the input means 136 can bereplaced by a touch screen, in particular a touch screen comprising akeyboard named “touchless”, i.e. a touch screen with/without contact.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the examples which have justbeen described and numerous adjustments can be made to these exampleswithout exceeding the scope of the invention.

1. A device for interacting without contact, via at least one commandobject, with an electronic and/or computerized appliance, named a userappliance, comprising at least one first and one second part which, inuse, form between them a non-zero angle, said device comprising: atleast one first means of detection by capacitive technology, and withoutcontact, of said at least one command object with respect to a firstcontrol surface defined with respect to said first part of said userappliance, said first detection means comprising several capacitiveelectrodes, named measurement electrodes; at least one, preferably each,of said measurement electrodes being guarded, by a first means, namedguard means, at an alternating potential, named guard potential,different from a potential, named ground potential, of said at least onecommand object, and substantially identical to the potential of saidmeasurement electrode; and at least one second means, named guard means,for guarding said second part of said user appliance at least partiallyat said guard potential.
 2. The device according to claim 1,characterized in that it also comprises: at least one second means ofdetection of said at least one command object with respect to a secondcontrol surface forming a non-zero angle with respect to the firstcontrol surface and defined with respect to the second part of the userappliance; and at least one calculation means for determining, as afunction of the detections produced by the first and second detectionmeans, and optionally of an angle formed by the first and second controlsurfaces, an item of detection data of said at least one command object.3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the seconddetection means comprises several capacitive electrodes, namedmeasurement electrodes; at least one, preferably each, of saidmeasurement electrodes being guarded at the guard potential by thesecond guard means.
 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized inthat the first detection means and/or the second detection meanscomprises at least one or any combination of the following means: anarray of optical pixels, an array of infrared diodes, an array ofoptical light sensors, at least one optical emitter associated with atleast one optical receiver, at least one ultrasound emitter associatedwith at least one ultrasound receiver operating by triangulation ortrilateration, at least two cameras arranged in order to carry out ameasurement by stereoscopy, and at least one time-of-flight camera. 5.The device according to claim 2, characterized in that at least one ofthe parts of the user appliance can be repositioned by rotation withrespect to the other part such that at least one of the control surfacescan be repositioned with respect to the other control surface, saiddevice also comprising a means for measuring the angle formed by saidcontrol surfaces.
 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized inthat the first detection means or the second detection meansrespectively, is arranged in order to detect/measure: a two-dimensionalposition of the command object in the first control surface, or thesecond control surface respectively; and/or a distance, named a verticaldistance, between the command object and the first control surface, orthe second control surface respectively.
 7. The device according toclaim 1, characterized in that the first detection means, or the seconddetection means respectively, is incorporated in/on the first controlsurface, or in/on the second control surface respectively, said firstsurface or said second surface respectively, being a surface of thefirst part, or of the second part respectively, of the user appliance.8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the firstdetection means comprises a first array of capacitive electrodesarranged in/on/behind the first control surface, preferentially formed,at least partially, by a panel/surface/face of the first part of theuser appliance arranged on the side of the second part of said the userappliance; and the second detection means comprises a second array ofcapacitive electrodes arranged in/on/behind the second control surface,preferentially formed, at least partially, by a panel/surface/face ofthe second part of the user appliance arranged on the side of the firstpart of said the user appliance; at least one, preferably each, of theelectrodes of each array of electrodes being guarded at an alternatingpotential, named guard potential, different from a potential, namedground potential, of the command object, and substantially identical tothe potential of said electrode.
 9. The device according to claim 8,characterized in that the first control surface and/or the secondcontrol surface is a touch surface.
 10. An electronic and/orcomputerized appliance comprising: at least one first and one secondpart which, in use, form between them a non-zero angle, equipped with adevice according to claim 1 for interacting with said appliance.
 11. Theappliance according to claim 10, characterized in that at least one ofthe first and second parts comprises a display screen, the firstdetection means or the second detection means respectively, isincorporated in/on/around/on the periphery of/behind said display screensuch that the first control surface, or the second control surfacerespectively, is formed by at least a part of said display screen and/orby a plane parallel to said display screen.
 12. The appliance accordingto claim 10, characterized in that at least one of the first and secondparts comprises a face, named an input surface, comprising at least onedata input means, such as a keyboard, the first detection means, or thesecond detection means respectively, is incorporated in/on/around/on theperiphery of/behind said input surface such that the first controlsurface, or the second control surface respectively, is formed by atleast a part of said input surface and/or by a plane parallel to saidinput surface.
 13. The appliance according to claim 12, characterized inthat the control surface is formed by only a part of the input surface,said input surface comprising at least one zone provided for restingthereon at least one hand of a user while inputting, said zone beingmaintained at ground potential.
 14. The appliance according to claim 10,characterized in that it comprises a display screen and a face, namedinput screen and face, comprising an input means, such as a keyboard:the first detection means being arranged on/in the display screen, thefirst control surface being constituted by at least a part of saiddisplay screen; and the second detection means comprising an array ofcapacitive electrodes arranged on/in the input surface, the secondcontrol surface being constituted by only a part of said input surface.15. The appliance according to claim 10, characterized in that the firstpart and the second part are detachable with respect to each other insuch a way that they can be attached and detached manually at will. 16.The appliance according to claim 10, characterized in that the firstpart and the second part comprise wired or wireless means for theexchange of signals.